Balance Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease

Basic Mechanisms to Clinical Management
By Martina Mancini, Balance Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; John G. Nutt, Oregon Health and Science University, Parkinson Center for Health and Healing, Portland, OR, USA and Fay B. Horak, Director of Balance Disorders Laboratory, Portland VA Medical System and Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA   Features:

• Provides the first comprehensive review of research to date on balance dysfunctions in Parkinson's disease
• Discusses how to translate current neuroscience research into practice regarding neural control of balance
• Provides evidence on the effects of current interventions on balance control

1. How is Balance Controlled by the Nervous System?
2. Why is Balance so Important in Parkinson’s Disease?
3. How is Balance during Quiet Stance Affected by PD?
4. How are Postural Responses to External Perturbations Affected by PD?
5. How are Anticipatory Postural Adjustments in Preparation for Voluntary Movements Affected by PD?
6. How is Dynamic Balance During Walking Affected by PD?
7. How and Why Is Turning Affected By PD?
8. Is Freezing of Gait a Balance Disorder?
9. How Should the Clinician Approach Imbalance in PD?
10. Future Perspectives on Balance Disorders in PD