The Dynamic Nature of Mitochondria from Ultrastructure to Health and Disease

Mitochondrial research has exploded over the last ~150 years. This book gives an amazing view on a conceptual change in our understanding of mitochondrial biology. It becomes clear that mitochondria are extremely dynamic in nature, controlling life at multiple levels. Mitochondria rule energy conversion, adapt cells well to changing stress and nutrient conditions, and regulate many cellular processes including immunity. The dynamic nature of mitochondria occurs at an intramitochondrial level but also includes its ability to interact with other organelles and to modulate multiple signalling pathways. It is thus not surprising that alterations or inabilities to ensure this dynamic behaviour is linked to ageing and human diseases.

The following sections give an updated view on mitochondria:

• Mitochondrial ultrastructure: molecular mechanisms shaping the inner membrane
• Mitochondrial cristae and lipid dynamics: from super-resolution microscopy to lipid-OXPHOS interplay
• Mitochondrial control of cellular homeostasis: from redox signalling to interorganellar contact sites
• Mitochondria in health and disease: from mtDNA release to Complex I assembly
• Advanced methods in mitochondrial biology and metabolism research
• Integrative view on mitochondrial research and outlook

The field of mitochondrial research has always been full of surprises and has helped science to advance tremendously. It developed hand in hand with landmark developments in technology, such as super-resolution microscopy (nanoscopy), and is currently influencing an increasing number of scientific disciplines. There is still much ‘new’ to find out about this ‘old’ organelle and I think that you can find interesting and also unexpected aspects of mitochondrial biology in this book. I hope the book will enhance your scientific curiosity and inspire your own research.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. Mitochondrial ultrastructure – molecular mechanisms shaping the inner membrane

1. Roles of the F₁F_O-ATP synthase and MICOS in mitochondrial membrane organization

Patrick Horten & Heike Rampelt

2. Proteolytic regulation of mitochondrial architecture

Gunjan Purohit & Oleh Khalimonchuk

II. Mitochondrial cristae and lipid dynamics: from super-resolution microscopy to lipid-OXPHOS interplay

3. Changes in cristae architecture and function: from static to dynamic

Ruchika Anand & Arun Kondadi

4. Emerging roles of phospholipids in the structure and function of the Oxidative Phosphorylation complexes

Nanami Senoo & Steven Claypool

III. Mitochondrial control of cellular homeostasis – from redox signaling to interorganellar contact-sites

5. Mitochondrial Hydrogen Peroxide Dynamics

Jan Riemer and Helmut Sies

6. Mitochondria-lysosome crosstalk, in disease and in health

Carla Lopes & Nuno Raimundo

 IV. Mitochondria in health and disease: from mtDNA release to Complex I assembly

7. mtDNA in & out – On the tightrope of cellular health

Andrea Irazoki & David Pla-Martín

8. Mitochondrial Complex I Assembly and Implications for Mitochondrial Disease

Luke Formosa

 V. Advanced methods in mitochondrial biology and metabolism research

9. The optogenetic landscape of the mitochondrion

Odette Deen-Rozalen, Marius Nieke, Sara Shumka, Hannes M. Beyer, and Matias D. Zurbriggen

VI. Integrative view on mitochondrial research and outlook

10. Mitochondrial biology – – a vibrating and dynamic research field still breaking boundaries

Andreas Reichert