Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

“Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation : An Interdisciplinary Problem-Based Learning Approach” provides an overview of the latest techniques, management strategies and technology surrounding the clinical use of ECMO. This interdisciplinary book reviews the most common scenarios of ECMO in 62 chapters exploring the conditions and problems arising in ECMO practice.

Each chapter begins with a stem case, followed by open questions to encourage critical thinking and enable the reader to follow the management strategies of the authors, who are world leaders in the field. Followed by an evidence-based discussion, each chapter concludes with multiple-choice questions for self-assessment. This book is current in its knowledge of organ systems and management and keeps pace with new ECMO technology and surgical techniques coupled with current guidelines for management.

Starting with the history of ECMO to technical aspects, circuit biocompatibility and interaction with blood, drugs and flow physics, the volume continues into pediatric and adult sections, focussing on both respiratory and cardiovascular support, followed by a section on trauma. The volume then concludes with a section on neurologic complications and ethics, as well as rehabilitation and ambulation of ECMO patients. In addition, to reflect the current global health situation, this book also includes a chapter on ECMO management in patients suffering with COVID-19, to cover the most urgent and pressing questions around ECMO during the ongoing pandemic.

This is the first ECMO book on the market to utilise a problem-based learning approach and as such is an important unprecedented project on ECMO education.

Table of Contents

HISTORY OF ECMO
1 From the first ECMO patient into the future
TECHNICAL AND PROGRAMMATIC ASPECTS OF ECMO
2 Development and staffing of an ECMO service
3 ECMO configurations and cannulation in pediatric patients
4 ECMO configurations and cannulation in adult patients
5 The ECMO circuit and trouble shooting
6 Echocardiography in the management of ECMO patients
7 Airway management in ECMO patients
8 Acute renal failure and renal replacement therapy in ECMO patients
9 Ambulance ground transportation of ECMO patients
10 Fixed-wing and helicopter air transport of ECMO patients
11 Implications and experiences with long run ECMO
ECMO BLOOD INTERACTION
12 The unholy blood - biomaterial interaction in extracorporeal
13 Heparin anticoagulation for Trans-catheter Aortic Valve Implantation on ECMO
14 Bivalirudin for alternative anticoagulation in heparin induced thrombocytopenia during ECMO
15 Argatroban for anticoagulation in pediatric and adult ECMO
16 ECMO transfusion and coagulation management
PHARMACOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR ECMO
17 Pharmacological considerations for analgesia and sedation of ECMO
18 Challenges of antimicrobial therapy in ECMO patients
19 Vasopressor and inotropic support in ECMO patients with refractory shock
ECMO IN NEONATAL AND PEDIATRIC RESPIRATORY DISEASE
20 ECMO for Meconium Aspiration Syndrome
21 ECMO for neonatal pulmonary hypertension and associated
22 ECMO in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
23 Evidence and management of rare presentations in neonatal ECMO
24 ECMO for the pediatric patient with Status Asthmaticus
25 ECMO for pediatric pneumonia and sepsis
26 ECMO in pediatric lung transplantation
27 Weaning and decannulation of neonatal and pediatric respiratory ECMO support
ECMO IN NEONATAL AND PEDIATRIC CARDIAC DISEASE
28 ECMO in pediatric patients with univentricular circulation
29 ECMO in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease
30 Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in children
31 ECMO as a bridge to pediatric heart transplantation
32 Weaning and decannulation of pediatric cardiac ECMO
ECMO IN ADULT RESPIRATORY DISEASE
33 Veno-venous ECMO for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
34 Extracorporeal CO2 removal to enhance protective ventilation in ARDS
35 ECMO in Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV)
36 ECMO in SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) patients
37 ECMO in pregnancy and the peripartum patient
38 ECMO in sickle cell disease and acute chest syndrome
39 ECMO for severe respiratory failure secondary to HIV infection
40 Bicaval dual lumen ECMO cannulation for lung transplantation
41 Weaning and liberation from V-V ECMO
ECMO IN ADULT CARDIAC DISEASE
42 ECMO support for adults with congenital heart disease
43 ECMO for myocardial infarction with cardiogenic shock
44 ECMO support for patients with myocarditis
45 Left ventricular venting strategies during ECMO support
46 ECMO support for patients with major aortic surgery or dissection
47 Mechanical support for post-cardiotomy right ventricular failure
48 ECMO for the complicated post-cardiotomy cardiac arrest
49 ECMO for accidental hypothermia and cardiorespiratory arrest
50 ECMO support for pulmonary embolism
51 Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in adults
52 Bridging from ECMO to durable left ventricular assist device
53 ECMO in the management of heart transplantation
54 Weaning and liberation from V-A ECMO
ECMO IN THE ADULT TRAUMA PATIENT
55 ECMO for hemorrhagic shock after blunt trauma
56 ECMO in patients with burn and smoke inhalation injury
REHABILITATION, NEUROLOGICAL AND ETHICAL ASPECTS OF ECMO
57 ECMO in the awake patient, early extubation and physical rehabilitation
58 Neurodevelopmental outcome after pediatric cardiac ECMO support
59 Neurologic complications in adult ECMO
60 Management of ECMO complicated by intracranial hemorrhage
61 Neurological monitoring and determination of brain death in ECMO
62 Ethical considerations for ECMO initiation and end-of-life care

Author Information

Contributors:

Mohd. H. Abdul-Aziz, BPharm (Hons), MClin Pharm, PhD
Post-doctoral research fellow
Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland and Centre of Clinical Research (UQCCR)
The University of Queensland
Brisbane, Australia

Darryl Abrams, MD
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Department of Medicine
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, & Critical Care
Columbia University Medical Center
New York, NY, USA

Cara Agerstrand, MD
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine
Columbia University Irving Medical Center / NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital
New York, NY, USA

Sara Jane Allen, BHB, MBChB, FANZCA, FCICM
Cardiac Anaesthetist and Intensivist
Department of Anaesthesia and Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit
Auckland City Hospital
Auckland, New Zealand

Othman Al-Sawaf, MD
Department I of Internal Medicine
Critical Care Medicine
University Hospital of Cologne
Cologne, Germany

Antonio Arcadipane, MD
Chair
Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care
IRCCS-ISMETT (Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies)
Palermo, Italy
Visiting Clinical Associate Professor of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine
University of Pittsburgh - School of Medicine
Pittsburgh, PA, USA

Monica Balaguer Gargallo, MD, PhD
Consultant, Pediatric Intensive Care Department
Hospital Sant Joan de Déu,
Barcelona, Spain

Gianluigi Li Bassi, MD, PhD
Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine
School of Medicine
University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
Senior Investigator
Critical Care Research Group/The Prince Charles Hospital
Chermside, QLD, Australia
The Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer
Barcelona, Spain

Vanessa M. Bazan, BSc
University of Kentucky College of Medicine,
Lexington, KY, USA

Jan Belohlácek, MD, PhD
President of EuroELSO
President of Czech Association of Acute Cardiology
Professor of Medicine
ECMO Team Director
Director of the Coronary Care Unit
Department of Internal Medicine II, Cardiovascular Medicine
General University Hospital
Prague, Czech Republic

John T. Berger, MD
Medical Director, Cardiac ECMO
Medical Director, Pulmonary Hypertension Program
Divisions of Cardiac Critical Care Medicine and Cardiology
Children's National Health System
Associate Professor of Pediatrics
George Washington University
Washington, DC, USA

Zeenia C. Billimoria, MD
Assistant Professor of Pediatrics
University of Washington School of Medicine
Seattle Children's Hospital
Seattle, WA, USA

Aidan Burrell, MBBS, PhD, DDU, FCICM
Intensivist and Head of General ICU
The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
Adjunct Senior Lecturer
School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine
Monash University,
Melbourne, Australia

Hergen Buscher, MD, FCICM, EDIC, DEAA
Senior Staff Specialist
Department of Intensive Care Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Centre of Applied Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
University of New South Wales,
Sydney, Australia

Jean Bonnemain, MD
Senior Critical Care Fellow
Service of Adult Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital,
Lausanne, Switzerland

Daniel Brodie, MD, FELSO
Professor of Medicine
Section Chief for Critical Care, Milstein & Allen Hospitals
Director, Medical ICUs and Medical Critical Care Services
Director, Adult ECMO Program
Director, Center for Acute Respiratory Failure
Vice Chairman of Medicine, Special Projects
Associate Chief, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine
Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons
Department of Medicine
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine
New York, NY, USA

Thomas V. Brogan, MD, FELSO
Professor, Pediatrics
University of Washington School of Medicine
Seattle Children's Hospital
Seattle, WA, USA

Lars M. Broman MD, PhD
Senior Consultant
Associate Professor
ECMO Centre Karolinska
Pediatric Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology
Karolinska Institutet
Karolinska University Hospital
Stockholm, Sweden

Bonnie A. Brooks, MD
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine
Fellow, Pediatric Cardiology
Division of Cardiology, Children's National Hospital,
Washington, DC, USA

Katherine L. Brown, MD, MPH, MRCP
Consultant in Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care
Associate Professor, University College London
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust
London, UK

Marissa A. Brunetti, MD
Attending Intensivist, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Assistant Professor of Clinical Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
Philadelphia, PA, USA

Gerasimos Capatos MBBCh (WITS), FCP (SA), Cert. Crit. Care (SA)
Consultant Intensivist and Co-Director Mediclinic Parkview ECMO Unit
Adjunct Clinical Assistant Professor
Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences
Dubai, United Arab Emirates

Massimo Capoccia, MD, MSc (Eng)
Cardiac Surgeon
Senior Fellow in Aortic Surgery
Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust
Royal Brompton Hospital
London, UK

Arpan Chakraborty, MBBS, MD, FNB
President ECMO Society of India
Senior Consultant, Cardiac Anaesthesia, Critical Care and ECMO services
Medica Superspecialty Hospital
Kolkata, India

Rachel L. Chapman, MD
Associate Professor of Clinical Pediatrics, USC Keck School of Medicine
Medical Director, Newborn and Infant Critical Care Unit, Fetal & Neonatal Institute
Associate Chief, Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles
Los Angeles, CA, USA

Dipanjan Chatterjee, MD
Senior Consultant
Cardiac Anaesthesia, Critical Care and ECMO services
Medica Superspecialty Hospital
Kolkata, India

Vesa Cheng, BPharm (Hons), BComm, MSHP, AdvPrac(II)
PhD candidate
Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland and Centre of Clinical Research (UQCCR)
The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
Critical Care Research Group, Centre of Research Excellence for Advanced Cardio-respiratory Therapies Improving OrgaN Support (ACTIONS) and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
Pharmacist Educator (Advanced), Medical Education Unit, The Princess Alexandra Hospital
Brisbane, Australia

Joshua Chew, MBBS
Department of Anaesthesia
The Prince Charles Hospital
Chermside, Australia

Matthew S. Clifton, MD
Associate Professor of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
Program Director, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
Surgical Director for ECMO, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta at Egleston,
Atlanta, GA, USA

Sebastiano M. Colombo, MD
University of Milan, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation
Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Emergency
Milan, Italy
Research fellow
Critical Care Research Group/The Prince Charles Hospital
Chermside, QLD, Australia


David S. Cooper MD, MPH
Medical Director, Cardiac Intensive Care Unit
Medical Director, Cardiac Anesthesia Recovery Unit
Co-Director, Center for Acute Care Nephrology
Division of Cardiology
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
Associate Professor of Pediatrics
University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
Cincinnati, OH, USA

Julia Coull, MBBS, FCICM
Intensivist, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
Adjunct Senior Lecturer, School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine
Monash University
Melbourne, Australia

Ryan D. Coleman, MD, FAAP
Pediatric Critical Care/Pulmonary Hypertension
Director - Right Ventricular Failure Program
Vice-Chair - Fetal Therapy and Innovation Committee
Assistant Medical Director - ECMO Program
Assistant Professor of Pediatrics and Medical Ethics
Sections of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Medicine
Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy
Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital
Houston, TX, USA

Mark G Davidson, MBChB, BSc (Med Sci), MRCPCH
Pediatric intensive Care,
Royal Hospital for Children,
Glasgow, Scotland, UK

Carl Davis MB, MCh, FRCSI, FRCPSGlas, FRCSpaed
Consultant Paediatric & Neonatal Surgeon
Royal Hospital for Children
Glasgow, Scotland, UK

Maria E. De Piero, MD
PhD Fellow, Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Department
Heart and Vascular Centre
Maastricht University Medical Centre
Maastricht, The Netherlands
Consultant, Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department
S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital,
Turin, Italy


Ajay Desai, DCH, DNB, MRCPCH, FRCPCH, FFICM
Consultant in Paediatric Critical Care Medicine
Lead for Paediatric ECMO Programme
Royal Brompton Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
London, UK

Matteo Di Nardo, MD
Consultant Neonatal and Pediatric Intensivist
EuroELSO Chair of Communication and Education
Editor in Chief of EuroELSO website
ECMO Coordinator for Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Failure
Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù
Rome, Italy

Alexander Fletcher-Sandersjöö, MD
PhD Student
Department of Neurosurgery
Department of Clinical Neuroscience
Karolinska Institutet
Akademiska straket 14
Karolinska University Hospital
Stockholm, Sweden

Guillaume Franchineau, MD
Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMRS_1166-ICAN, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, F-75013 PARIS, France.
Service de médecine intensive-réanimation, Institut de Cardiologie, APHP Sorbonne Université Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière
Paris, France

John F. Fraser, MB ChB, PhD, FRCP(Glas), FFARCSI, FRCA, FCICM
President Asia-Pacific-ELSO Chapter
Professor & Pre-Eminent Specialist in Intensive Care Medicine, Director of the Critical Care Research Group, University of Queensland & The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane
Director of Intensive Care Unit, St Andrew's War Memorial Hospital, Brisbane
Professor of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care
School of Medicine, University of Queensland
Professor of Medicine, Bond University
Professor, School of Medicine Griffith University
Adjunct Professor Queensland University of Technology
Adjunct Professor Monash University
Australia

Jo-Anne Fowles MSc, RN
Nurse Consultant Critical Care Area and ECMO
Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Trust Cambridge,
Cambridge UK

A. Reshad Garan, MD, MS, FACC
Director, Advanced Heart Failure and Mechanical Circulatory Support
Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School
Cambridge, MA, USA

Mario Gramegna, MD
Intensive Cardiac Care Unit
Advanced Heart Failure and Mechanical Circulatory Support Program
IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute
Milan, Italy

Janos Geli, MD, PhD, DESA
Consultant
Department of Cardiothoracic Anaesthesia and Critical Care
Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm
Solna, Sweden

Giacomo Grasselli, MD
Associate Professor in Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine
University of Milan, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation
Milan, Italy
Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Emergency
Milan, Italy

Michael D. Harper, MD, FAAEM
Adjunct Clinical Professor
Oklahoma State University Health Science Center
Tulsa, OK, USA
Integris Baptist Medical Center
Nazih Zuhdi Transplant Institute
Advanced Critical Care and Acute Circulatory Support
Oklahoma City, OK, USA

Dr Emma L. Hartley, MBChB, MCEM, FFICM
Severe Respiratory Failure Fellow
Department of Intensive Care Medicine
Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
London, UK

Ibrahim F. Hassan, MD
Director of Corporate Critical Care
Chief, Medicine Critical Care Division
ECMO Program Director
Deputy Medical Director Ambulance Service
Associate Professor Clinical Medicine and Genetic Medicine at Weill Cornell Medical College
Hamad Medical Corporation,
Doha, Qatar

Marcus Hermann, MSc, BEng
Perfusionist, Lead for Research
Department of Clinical Perfusion, Life Systems Medizintechnik GmbH
Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt
Frankfurt, Germany

Bernhard Holzgraefe MD, PhD
Senior Consultant
Department of Anesthesia, Surgical Services and Intensive Care Medicine
Arvika Community Hospital
Arvika, Sweden
Visiting Researcher
Hedenstierna Laboratory
Department of Surgical Sciences
Anesthesiology and Intensive Care
Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

J. Andreas Hoschtitzky MSc FRCSEd (CTh)
Consultant Paediatric and Adult Cardiac Surgeon
Honorary Senior Lecturer Imperial College London
Royal Brompton Hospital
London, UK

Aparna Hoskote, MD, MRCP
Consultant in Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care
Honorary Senior Lecturer, University College London
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust
London, UK

Samuel Howitt, MBChB, FRCA
Speciality Trainee in Anaesthesia and Critical Care
Honorary Lecturer, University of Manchester
Division of Cardiovascular Sciences
Academic Surgery Unit
Wythenshawe Hospital
Manchester, UK

Hani Jaouni, MD
Senior Consultant Intensivist
Department of Internal Medicine
Hamad General Hospital
Hamad Medical Corporation,
Doha, Qatar

William A. Jakobleff, Jr., MD
Assistant Professor, Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery
Montefiore Medical Center
Bronx, NY, USA

Federica Jiritano, MD
Cardio-Thoracic Dept. - Heart & Vascular Centre
Maastricht University Medical Centre
Maastricht - The Netherlands
Cardiac Surgery Unit
Dept. Experimental and Clinical Medicine
Magna Graecia University
Catanzaro, Italy

Iolanda Jordan Garcia, MD, PhD
Professor, Department of Pediatrics, University of Barcelona
Senior Consultant, Pediatric Intensive Care Department
Hospital Sant Joan de Déu,
Barcelona, Spain

Suzan Kakat, MD, FRCPCH
Consultant Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care
Honorary Senior Lecturer, University College London
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust
London, UK

Håkan Kalzén MD, PhD, EDIC
Medical Director
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care
Södertälje Hospital
Södertälje, Sweden
Senior Consultant
Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and ECMO services
Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital
Karolinska Institutet
Karolinska University Hospital
Stockholm, Sweden

Harald Keller, ECCP
Chief Perfusionist
Department of Clinical Perfusion, Life Systems Medizintechnik GmbH
Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt
Frankfurt, Germany

Suresh Keshavamurthy MD
Assistant Professor Surgery
Surgical Director Lung Transplantation
Department of Surgery
University of Kentucky College of Medicine
Lexington, KY, USA

Espeed Khoshbin, MB ChB, MD, FRCS (CTh)
Consultant Cardiac and Transplant Surgeon
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery
Freeman Hospital, High Heaton
Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK

Roxanne Kirsch, MD, MBE, FRCPC, FAAP
Pediatric Cardiac Intensivist
Bioethics Clinical Associate
Associate Chief EDI, Wellness, and Faculty Development, Perioperative Services
Assistant Professor, Pediatrics
Department of Critical Care
Division of Cardiac Critical Care
The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto
Toronto, ON, Canada

Matthias Kochanek, MD
Head of Critical Care Medicine
Department I of Internal Medicine
University Hospital of Cologne
Cologne, Germany

Mariusz Kowalewski, MD
PhD Fellow, Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Department
Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre
Maastricht, The Netherlands
Clinical Department of Cardiac Surgery
Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration
Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education,
Warsaw, Poland

Petr Kuchynka, MD, PhD
Associate Professor, 2nd Department of Medicine - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine
First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague
Prague, Czech Republic

Jan Kunstyr, MD, PhD
Associate Professor, Department of Anaesthesiology, Resuscitation and Intensive Medicine
First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague
Prague, Czech Republic

Grace van Leeuwen, MD, FSCAI
Latin-America ELSO Chair of Communication
Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit
Sidra Medicine Doha
Education City North Campus, Qatar Foundation
Doha, Qatar

Juan M. Lehoux, MD
Congenital Cardiac Surgeon
Children's Heart Center Nevada
Surgical Director
Ventricular Assist Device Program
Sunrise Hospital
Las Vegas, NV, USA

Lucas Liaudet, MD
Professor and Vice Head
Service of Adult Intensive Care Medicine
University Hospital,
Lausanne, Switzerland

Michal Lips, MD, PhD
Department of Anaesthesiology, Resuscitation and Intensive Medicine
First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague
Prague, Czech Republic

Valeria Lo Coco, MD
PhD Fellow, Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Department
Heart and Vascular Centre
Maastricht University Medical Centre
Maastricht, The Netherlands

Roberto Lorusso, PhD, FEACTS, FELSO
Past President EuroELSO
Professor and Chair of Cardiac Surgery and Extracorporeal Life Support
ECLS Program Director
Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Department
Heart and Vascular Centre
Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC)
Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM)
Maastricht, The Netherlands

Maximilian Malfertheiner, PD Dr. med.
Department of Internal Medicine II
University Medical Center Regensburg
Regensburg, Germany

Christopher Mascio, MD
Alice Langdon Warner Endowed Chair of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Associate Professor of Clinical Surgery
Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, PA, USA

Kenneth E. Mah MD, MS
Assistant Professor of Pediatrics
Cardiac Intensive Care Unit
Department of Pediatrics
University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
The Heart Institute
Division of Cardiology
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
Cincinnati, OH, USA

Dirk M. Maybauer, MD, PhD, MHBA
Professor of Anaesthesiology
Philipps University Marburg
Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care
Marburg, Germany

Marc O. Maybauer, MD, PhD, EDIC, FCCP, FASE
Professor of Anaesthesiology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
Honorary Professor, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
Consultant in Cardiothoracic Anaesthesia and Critical Care
Director of ECMO and Lead for Research at Manchester Royal Infirmary
Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust and Manchester Academic Health Science Center
Manchester, UK
Adjunct Clinical Professor of Medicine / Cardiology
Oklahoma State University Health Science Center
Tulsa, OK, USA
Integris Baptist Medical Center
Nazih Zuhdi Transplant Institute
Advanced Critical Care and Acute Circulatory Support
Oklahoma City, OK, USA

Gennaro Martucci, MD
Attending Physician
Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care
IRCCS-ISMETT (Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies)
Palermo, Italy
Clinical Assistant Professor of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine
University of Pittsburgh - School of Medicine
Pittsburgh, PA, USA
PhD Fellow, Maastricht University
Maastricht, The Netherlands

Malaika Mendonca, MD
Consultant Pediatric Critical Care
Director of ECMO Programme
Inselspital, Children Univerity Hospital Bern
Bern, Switzerland

Jonathan E. Millar, MBBS, MCEM
Visiting Research Fellow
Roslin Institute
University of Edinburgh
Intensive Care Unit
Queen Elizabeth II University Hospital
Glasgow, UK

Lee D. Murphy DO, MS
Assistant Professor of Clinical Pediatrics
Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine
Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health
Indianapolis, IN

Lucy W. Mwaura, MB ChB, MMED, FRCA
Consultant, Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine,
Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Trust Cambridge,
Cambridge, UK

Giulia Nardi, MD
Careggi University Hospital
Florence University
Florence, Italy

Matthew J. O'Connor, MD
Medical Director of Heart Transplant Program and Attending Cardiologist
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia





Associate Professor of Clinical Pediatrics
University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
Philadelphia, PA, USA

Matthew L. Paden, MD
President-Elect ELSO
Associate Professor of Pediatric Critical Care
Emory University
Director, Pediatric ECMO and Advanced Technologies
Children's Healthcare of Atlanta
Dept. of Pediatric Critical Care
Atlanta, GA, USA

Federico Pappalardo, MD
Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care
IRCCS-ISMETT (Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies)
Palermo, Italy

Nicolò Patroniti, MD
Professor of Anaesthesiology
Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics
University of Genoa
Genoa, Italy
Policlinico San Martino
Genoa, Italy

Gianluca Paternoster, MD, PhD
Senior Consultant
Department of Cardiovascular Anaesthesia and Intensive Care
San Carlo Hospital
Potenza, Italy

Giles J Peek MD, FRCS CTh, FFICM, FELSO
Clinical Professor of Surgery & Pediatrics
University of Florida Shand's Congenital Heart Center
Gainesville, FL, USA

Antonio M. Pesenti, MD, FELSO
Professor in Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine
University of Milan, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation
Milan, Italy
Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Emergency
Milan, Italy

Renee Potera, MD
Assistant Professor of Pediatrics
UT Southwestern Medical Center
Children's Health
Dallas, TX, USA

Amit Prasad MD
Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
Heart & Vascular Institute
Adult ECMO/Mechanical Circulatory Support
Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine
Hershey, PA, USA

Shweta Priyadarshini, MBBS, FCICM
Staff Specialist
Department of Intensive Care Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Centre of Applied Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
University of New South Wales,
Sydney, Australia

Giuseppe M. Raffa, MD, PhD
Consultant
Cardiac Surgery Department
IRCCS-ISMETT Hospital
Palermo, Italy

Lakshmi Raman
Associate Professor of Pediatrics
Medical Director of ECMO
Chair- Protocols and Guidelines: ELSO
Department of Pediatrics
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Children's Health
Dallas TX, USA

Avideh Rashad, M.D.
Fellow in Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology
LAC+USC Medical Center
Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California
Los Angeles, CA, USA
Fetal & Neonatal Institute
Children's Hospital Los Angeles
Los Angeles, CA, USA

Tasleem Raza, MD, MS, FCCP
Senior Consultant
Director of MICU fellowship program
Department of Medicine
Division of Critical Care & Pulmonary Medicine
Hamad Medical Corporation,
Doha, Qatar

Antonio Rubino MD
Consultant in Cardiothoracic Anaesthesia and Intensive Care
Clinical Lead for Organ Donation
Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care
Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
Cambridge Biomedical Campus
Cambridge, UK

Marco Rusca, MD
Attending Physician
Service of Adult Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital,
Lausanne, Switzerland

Daniel Rob, MD
Consultant in Cardiology
Department of Internal Medicine II, Cardiovascular Medicine
General University Hospital
Prague, Czech Republic

Javier Rodriguez-Fanjul, MD, PhD
Professor of Pediatrics, University Rovira i Virgil
Consultant, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics
Tarragona, Spain

Peter P. Roeleveld, MD
Pediatric-Intensivist
Chief of PICU
ECMO Director
Leiden University Medical Center
Leiden, Netherlands

Peter Rodgers-Fischl, MD
Thoracic Surgery Resident, Graduation Medical Education
Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery
Department of Surgery
University of Kentucky College of Medicine
Lexington, KY, USA

Antonio F. Saad, MD
Assistant Professor, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine and Critical Care Medicine
Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Anesthesiology
The University of Texas Medical Branch,
Galveston, TX, USA

Michael Salna, MD
Resident
Department of Surgery
Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery
Columbia University Medical Center
New York, NY, USA

Filippo Sanfilippo, MD, PhD, EDIC
Consultant
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care
Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele University Hospital
Catania, Italy

Fabio Sangalli, MD, FASE
Consultant Anaesthetist and Intensivist
Lead Consultant for Perioperative and Critical Care Echocardiography (PACE)
Italian National Representative, European Association of Cardiothoracic Anaesthesia (EACTA)
Past-President of the Italian Association of CardioThoracic and Vascular Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (ITACTA)
Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine
San Gerardo Hospital - University of Milano-Bicocca
Monza, Italy

Cristina Santonocito, MD
Consultant
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care
Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele University Hospital
Catania, Italy

Kunal Sarkar, MD
Consultant Cardiac Surgeon
Medica Superspecialty Hospital
Kolkata, India

Jana Šmalcová, MD
Consultant in Cardiology and Intensive Care,
Department of Internal Medicine II, Cardiovascular Medicine
General University Hospital,
Prague, Czech Republic

Matthieu Schmidt, MD, PhD
Assistant Professor
Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMRS_1166-ICAN
Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, F-75013
Paris,France
Service de médecine intensive-réanimation,
Institut de Cardiologie
APHP Sorbonne Université Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière
Paris, France

Kiran Shekar, MBBS, PhD, FCCCM, FCICM
Adjunct Professor, Institute of Health Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology
Associate Professor, School of Medicine, University of Queensland
Associate Professor, Bond University, Gold Coast
Senior Intensive Care Specialist
Adult Intensive Care Services
The Prince Charles Hospital
Chermside, Australia
Critical Care Research Group, Centre of Research Excellence for Advanced Cardio-respiratory Therapies Improving OrgaN Support (ACTIONS) and the University of Queensland
Brisbane, Australia

Billie Lou Short, MD, FELSO
Professor of Pediatrics
The George Washington University School of Medicine
Chief, Division of Neonatology
Washington, DC, USA

John P Skendelas, MD
Research Fellow, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery
Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Bronx, NY, USA

David Sidebotham MBChB, FANZCA
Cardiac Anaesthetist and Intensivist
Director of Perioperative Transoesophageal Echocardiography
Department of Anaesthesia and the Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit
Auckland City Hospital
Auckland, New Zealand

Kai Singbartl MD, MPH, FCCM
Professor and Vice Chair
Department of Critical Care Medicine
Mayo Clinic
Phoenix, AZ, USA

Justyna Swol, MD, PhD
General Hospital Nuremberg
University Hospital of Paracelsus Medical University (PMU)
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergology and Sleep Medicine
Intensive Care Unit
Nuremberg, Germany

Koji Takeda, MD, PhD
Assistant Professor of Surgery
Director of Heart Transplant
Surgical Director of PTE
Surgical Director of ECMO
Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery
Columbia University
Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons
New York, NY, USA

Thomas A. Tribble
Mechanical Circulatory Support Coordinator
Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky College of Medicine,
Lexington, KY, USA

Robert J. Vandewalle, MD, MBA
Pediatric Surgery Critical Care Fellow
Division of Pediatric Surgery
Department of Surgery
University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center
Memphis, TN, USA

Giulia Villa, MD
Fellow in Anesthesia and Intensive Care
San Gerardo Hospital
University of Milano-Bicocca
Monza, Italy

Akbar Vohra, MB ChB, DA, FRCA, FFICM
MAHSC Professor of Anaesthesia, The University of Manchester, United Kingdom
Visiting Professor, Nanjing Medical University, China
Consultant in Cardiac Anaesthesia and Critical Care
Department of Anaesthesia, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester University NHS FT
Manchester, UK

Alain Vuylsteke, BSc, MA, MD, FRCA, FFICM
Consultant, Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine
Divisional Clinical Director Surgery, Transplant and Anaesthetics
Associate Lecturer, University of Cambridge
Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
Cambridge Biomedical Campus
Cambridge, UK

Bishoy Zakhary, MD
ELSO Chair of Logistics and Education
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine
Oregon Health & Science University
Portland, OR, USA

Joseph B. Zwischenberger, MD, FACS, FCCP, FELSO
Johnston-Wright Professor and Chairman of Surgery
Professor of Pediatrics, Bioengineering, and Diagnostic Radiology
University of Kentucky College of Medicine
Surgeon-in-Chief, UK HealthCare
Lexington, KY, USA