Fluorine Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Methods and Applications in Biomedicine

Image-based biomarkers that report on specific cell phenotypes in the body are highly valued for disease detection and monitoring cytotherapies. Towards this need, there is sustained scientific interest in fluorine-19 (¹⁹F) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for in vivo molecular–cellular imaging applications. The attraction of ¹⁹F tracer MRI is its ability to produce pure ‘hot-spot’ images, an absence of false-positive signals, robust quantification, and tracer safety. For molecular–cellular applications, fluorine MRI does not require a pre-scan prior to tracer administration, thus offering several advantages over metal–ion-based proton (¹H) contrast-agent approaches. Key applications of ¹⁹F MRI include cell tracking, inflammation detection, and biosensing. Fluorinated imaging tracers can also serve as therapeutic agents or drug-delivery vehicles. Over the past decade, the field of ¹⁹F MRI has seen remarkable innovation in tracer designs and detection methods as well as the realization of its clinical potential.

This book is an interdisciplinary compendium detailing cutting-edge science and biomedical research in the emerging field of ¹⁹F MRI and includes technical issues, such as pulse sequence considerations and limits of detection of the techniques; synthesis of novel ¹⁹F MRI tracer agents; inflammation, cancer, and stroke imaging; regenerative brain repair; theranostic nanomedicine; and clinical perspectives. The book will appeal to investigators involved in MRI physics, biomedicine, immunology, pharmacology, and probe chemistry as well as general readers.