Fundamentals of Packaging Technology 4th Edition

Acknowledgements

CHAPTER ONE – PERSPECTIVE ON PACKAGING

• What Is Packaging?
• Primitive Packaging
• From Rome to the Renaissance
• The Industrial Revolution
• The Evolution of New Packaging Roles
• Packaging in the Late 20th Century
• Modern Packaging
• Environmental and Sustainability Issues
• The Modern Packaging Industry

CHAPTER TWO – PACKAGING FUNCTIONS

• Introduction
• The Contain Function
• The Protect/Preserve Function
• Food Preservation
• The Transport Function
• The Inform/Sell Function

CHAPTER THREE – GRAPHIC DESIGN

• Introduction
• Demographics and Psychographics
• The Retail Environment
• Fundamental Messages
• Equity and Brand Names
• Color
• Graphic Design Basics
• Package Design and Marketing Studies

CHAPTER FOUR – PACKAGE PRINTING AND DECORATING

• Introduction
• Color
• Artwork
• Preparation for Printing
• Proofing
• Printing Methods
• Relief Printing: Flexography and Letterpress
• Lithography
• Gravure Printing
• Comparing Flexography, Lithography and Gravure
• Other Package Decoration Techniques
• Printing Dimensional Packages
• Labeling

CHAPTER FIVE – PAPER AND PAPERBOARD

• Source and Preparation of Fiber
• Representative Paper-Making Machines
• Paper Characterization
• Paper Types
• Paperboard Grades
• Paper Characterization Methods

CHAPTER SIX – PAPERBOARD CARTONS

• Paperboard Package Classifications
• Folding Carton Design
• Selecting the Correct Paperboard
• The Carton Production Process
• Basic Tube-style Folding Cartons
• Basic Tray-style Folding Cartons
• Beverage Baskets and Setup Boxes
• Paperboard Resources

CHAPTER SEVEN – METAL CANS AND CONTAINERS

• Background
• Can-making Steels
• Three-piece Steel Cans
• Two-piece Drawn Cans
• Impact Extrusion
• Can Dimensioning
• Protective Coatings for Cans
• Decoration
• Aerosols

CHAPTER EIGHT – GLASS CONTAINERS

• Glass Types and General Properties
• Commercial Glass Manufacturing
• Bottle Manufacturing
• Bottle Design Features

CHAPTER NINE – POLYMER CHEMISTRY FOR THE NONCHEMIST

• Introduction to Plastics
• Polarity and Material Properties
• Hydrocarbons and Polyethylene
• Other Packaging Polymers
• Molecular Structure and Properties
• Thermal Behavior
• Density and Yield
• Thermoplastic and Thermoset Polymers

CHAPTER TEN – SHAPING PLASTICS

• Selecting the Material and the Process
• Plasticating Extruders
• Profile Extrusion
• Injection Molding
• Extrusion Blow Molding
• Injection Blow Molding
• Bottle Design
• Thermoforming
• Other Forming Methods
• Recognizing Molding Methods

CHAPTER ELEVEN – PLASTIC APPLICATIONS

• Polyethylene (PE)
• High-density Polyethylene (HDPE)
• Low-density Polyethylene (LDPE) and Linear Low-density Polyethylene (LLDPE)
• Polystyrene (PS)
• Polypropylene (PP)
• Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)
• Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)
• Poly(vinylidene chloride) (PVDC)
• Poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAC) and Ethylene-vinyl Acetate (EVA)
• Polyamide (PA or nylon)
• Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVAL) and Ethylene-vinyl Alcohol (EVOH)
• Ethylene Acid Copolymers and Ionomers
• Other Packaging Polymers
• Additives
• Characterizing Plastic Materials
• Chemical Properties

CHAPTER TWELVE – CLOSURES

• Selection Considerations
• Container and Closure Dimensioning
• Metal Closures
• Closure Seals
• Plastic Closures
• Injection Molds and Closure Design
• Closure Application
• Tamper-Evident Closures
• Child-Resistant Closures
• Special Closures and Functions

CHAPTER THIRTEEN – ADHESIVES

• Introduction to Adhesives
• Theories of Adhesion
• Surface Treatment
• Solidification
• Common Classes of Packaging Adhesives
• Adhesive Application
• Viscosity
• Adhesive Selection and Considerations
• Inspecting Bond Failures

CHAPTER FOURTEEN – FLEXIBLE PACKAGING LAMINATES

• Laminates
• Aluminum Foil
• Vacuum Metallizing
• Other Non-Organic Coatings and Barrier Teatments
• Laminate Structural and Physical Properties
• Flexible Bags, Pouches and Sachets
• Sealability
• Barrier Properties
• Aesthetics and Other Properties
• Laminating Processes
• Specifying Laminates
• Examples of Laminates

CHAPTER FIFTEEN – CORRUGATED FIBERBOARD

• Historical Perspective
• Corrugated Board
• Properties and Tests
• Carrier Rules and Regulations
• Corrugated Boxes
• Corrugated Box Printing
• Special Board Treatments
• Corrugated Container Quality Assurance

CHAPTER SIXTEEN – DISTRIBUTION PACKAGING

• Distribution Packaging: A Systems Approach
• Tracking Distribution Losses
• The Warehouse
• Unit Loads
• Good Distribution Practice
• Evaluating Distribution Packaging

CHAPTER SEVENTEEN – SHOCK, VIBRATION AND COMPRESSION

• Shock
• Quantifying Shock Fragility
• Cushioning Against Shock
• Vibration
• Compression
• Estimating Required Compression Strength

CHAPTER EIGHTEEN – PACKAGING MACHINERY

• Automated Production
• The New Production Line
• Package Design and Machinability
• Speed
• Buffers
• Straight-line and Rotary Systems
• Changeovers
• Machine Controls
• Upgrading Existing Equipment
• Filling Systems
• Liquid Filling
• Dry-product Filling
• Introduction to Statistical Process Control

CHAPTER NINETEEN – APPLIED PACKAGING

• Carded Display Packaging
• Blister Packaging
• Carded Skin Packaging
• Chub Packages
• Fiber Cans
• Collapsible Tubes
• Plastic and Paper Bags
• Bar Codes
• Security Labeling
• Durable Goods Packaging
• Wood Packaging
• Pharmaceutical Packaging
• Creative Designs
• Molded Pulp Containers and Forms

CHAPTER TWENTY – THE PACKAGE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

• Managing the Packaging Function
• Project Scope
• Package Development Process
• Specifications
• Case Study: Redesign of an Oil Battle and Shipping System
• An Example of Graphic Design Development
• Package Designer’s Checklist

Index