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Table of contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
Abbreviations
About the Author
Section I: Foundations of Clinical Virology
1 Introduction to Viruses
Virus structure, life cycle, Baltimore classification, figures of DNA and RNA virus classification, transmission, nomenclature
2 Laboratory Diagnosis of Viral Infections
Differential diagnosis for viral syndromes, specimen collection, comparison of diagnostic techniques
Section II: Viral Pathogens and Clinical Presentation
3 Respiratory Viruses
Influenza
virus, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumonvirus, rhinovirus,
coronavirus, mumps virus, diagram of seasonality
4 Viruses with Dermatologic Manifestations
Herpes
simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, measles virus, rubella virus,
human herpesviruses 6 and 7, molluscum contagiosum, smallpox virus,
figure of viral rashes, description and comparison of herpesviruses 1 to
-8
5 Gastrointestinal and Fecal-Oral Hepatitis Viruses
Rotavirus, norovirus, astrovirus, sapovirus, HAV, HEV, diagram of seasonality
6 Viruses That Can Cause Multiple Syndromes
Enterovirus and parechovirus, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, human bocavirus
7 Opportunistic, Transplant-Associated Viruses
Cytomegalovirus, BK virus, JC virus
8 Blood-Borne Hepatitis Viruses
Hepatitis B, C, and D viruses, and comparison of hepatitis viruses A through E
9 Human Retroviruses
HIV, HTLV-1/-2
10 Oncogenic Viruses
HPV, EBV, HHV-8
11 Zoonotic Viruses
Rabies
virus, Ebola virus, Marburg virus, Lassa virus, Crimean Congo
hemorrhagic virus, hantavirus, lymphochoriomeningitis virus, monkeypox
virus, herpes B virus, Hendra virus, Nipah virus, comparison of zoonotic
viruses
12 Arboviruses
Mosquitoes, ticks, dengue virus,
yellow fever virus, chikungunya virus, West Nile virus, eastern, western
and Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses, Japanese encephalitis
virus, Powassan virus, comparison of arboviruses
Section III: Diagnostic Assays and Techniques
13 Culture- and Tissue-Based Diagnostic Techniques
Conventional
viral culture and cell lines, viral growth rates, hemagglutination,
quantification of plaques, histology/cytology, histologic and cytologic
images of virally infected cells
14 Diagnostic Techniques Based on Immunological Interactions
Kinetics
of immune responses, interpreting serologic results, antigen and
antibody detection, ELISA and chemiluminescent immunoassay,
immunohistochemistry, immunoblots, immunofluorescence, lateral-flow
assay, comparison of immunologic assays
15 Molecular Techniques: Nucleic Acid Amplification
Basics
of nucleic acids, nucleic acid amplification, PCR, RT-PCR, real-time
PCR, quantitative PCR, melt curve analysis, viral loads, droplet digital
PCR, nested PCR, multiplex PCR, transcription-mediated amplification,
controls, contamination
16 Molecular Techniques: Sequencing
Sequencing
terminology, applications, procedures, platforms (Sanger, NGS,
Illumina, SMRT, Ion Torrent), data analysis, comparison of platforms
Section IV: Prevention and Management of Viral Infections
17 Biosafety
Biosafety levels, select agents, reportable diseases, PPE, techniques, biosafety cabinets, isolation precautions
18 Vaccines
Active
and passive immunity, intravenous immunoglobulin, types of vaccines,
delivery, complications, antibody dependent enhancement, table of
available viral and other vaccines, diagram of routine vaccination
schedule
19 Antivirals
Antivirals against herpesviruses,
influenza virus, RSV, hepatitis C, other compounds, antiretrovirals and
antivirals with broad coverage, mechanisms of action
Section V: The Regulatory Environment for Laboratory Testing
20 Regulatory Requirements
Classification
of assays by the FDA, test complexity, regulatory agencies, CLIA,
inspections, proficiency testing, billing and coding
21 Assay Performance and Interpretation
Validation/verification,
performance characteristics (precision, accuracy, reportable range,
reference range), diagnostic, clinical and analytic sensitivity and
specificity, prevalence, predictive value, ROC curves
References
Answers
Index