Ischemic Injury. A Molecular Insight

The World Stroke Organization reports that “stroke has already reached epidemic proportions. Globally1 in 4 adults over the age of 25 will have a stroke in their lifetime. 12.2 million people worldwide will have their first stroke this year, and 6.5 million will die as a result.” Ischemic strokes are the most common type of stroke, with about 87% of all strokes being ischemic strokes.

This new volume addresses this epidemic by presenting detailed studies on ischemic injury, with emphasis on the molecular-level mechanisms and the role of signaling pathways in the body, their structure, and their mechanism of action. The book focuses on molecular pharmacology plans and explains the new areas of research on the discovery of therapeutic molecules that can be used for combating this life-threatening disease. The authors discuss stroke occurrence at different stages of life as well as sex-based differences in its treatment. They cover aspects of the clinical treatment and diagnosis of patients with cardiovascular events, including in-depth information on the prevention, evaluation, therapy selection, result projection, and long-term course of the disease in affected patients. They also detail the involvement of platelets, neurotransmitters, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and vitamin D in ischemic injury.

1. Stroke Insight

Heena Khan, Thakur Gurjeet Singh, and Rahul Deshmukh

2. Myocardial Ischemic-Reperfusion Injury

Heena Khan, Thakur Gurjeet Singh, and Rahul Deshmukh

3. Preclinical and Clinical Aspects of I-R Injuries

Shilpa Kumari, Rahul Deshmukh, and Thakur Gurjeet Singh

4. Molecular Aspects of Ischemic-Reperfusion Injury

Maanvi, Shilpa Kumari, Chaman Sharma, Rahul Deshmukh, and Thakur Gurjeet Singh

5. Role of Mitochondria in Ischemic-Reperfusion Injury

Narinder Kumar, Kajal Bagri, Shahid Mushtaq Malik, Rahul Deshmukh, and Thakur Gurjeet Singh

6. Stroke Effect in Daily Life and Therapeutics, Complications for Prevention of Stroke

Kumari Tanuja, Kajal Bagri, Rajni Thakur, Rahul Deshmukh, and Thakur Gurjeet Singh

7. Etiopathogenesis and Molecular Targets in Cerebral Ischemia: Current Understanding of Stroke and Therapeutic Approaches

Manish Kumar, Shivani Bagga, and Thakur Gurjeet Singh

8. Expatiating the Pivotal Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in Ischemic Stroke: Molecular Insights and Therapeutic Targets

Shiveena Bhatia, Varinder Singh, Manjinder Singh, Ravinder Singh, Richa Shri, and Thakur Gurjeet Singh

9. Acute Ischemic Stroke in COVID-19 Patients

Piyush Vatsha, Kajal Bagri, Sakshi Rana, Rahul Deshmukh, and Thakur Gurjeet Singh

10. Neurotransmission Imbalance: A Major Factor in the Worsening of Ischemic Injury

Kajal Bagri, Vipasha Mehta, Aarchi Singla, Rahul Deshmukh, and Thakur Gurjeet Singh

11. Role of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) in Amelioration of Stroke Pathophysiology

Rajender Sandhu, Shilpa Kumari, Smriti Thakur, Rahul Deshmukh, and Thakur Gurjeet Singh

12. Stroke and Diabetes in Vitamin D Deficiency: Prospects of Intertwined Pathobiologies

Ravinder Singh, Sanjana Mehta, Vertika Awasthi, Pratima Kumari, Varinder Singh, and Thakur Gurjeet Singh

13. Remote Ischemic Post-Conditioning: An Overview

Heena Khan, Shivani Bagga, Manish Kumar, Thakur Gurjeet Singh, and Rahul Deshmukh

14. Sex-Based Differences in Acute Kidney Injury: Lessons from Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Model in Rodents

Tajpreet Kaur and Amrit Pal Singh

15. Critical Overview of Conditioning Techniques and Their Current Status in the Treatment of Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Kuldeep Kumar, Nirmal Singh, and Amteshwar S. Jaggi

16. Involvement of Platelets in Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury

Geeta Deswal, Benu Chaudhary, Preeti Arya, Deepak Singla, and Ajmer Singh Grewal

17. Recent Advancements in Strategies for Treatment of Cerebral Ischemia

Uditi Handa, Kajal Nagpal, Peeyush Kaushik, and Ajmer Singh Grewal

18. Recent Therapeutic Approaches Toward the Management of Ischemic Heart Disease

Deepika Purohit, Nirmala Kumari Yadav, Jyoti Rathi, Sunil Kumar, and Snehlata Yadav

19. Nanotechnology-Assisted Treatment for Ischemic Heart Disease and Recent Patents

Manish, Sunil Kumar, Manu Sharma, Nirmala Kumari Yadav, and Deeksha

20. Major Risk Factors Involved in the Pathobiology of Ischemic Brain and Heart Disorders

Priyanka Sharma, Suray Ranjan, Kajal Bagri, Rahul Deshmukh, and Thakur Gurjeet Singh

21. Modulating Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Downstream Signaling Pathways in Cerebral Ischemic Hemorrhages

Gurpreet Singh, Shamsher Singh, and Sidharth Mehan

22. Implication of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) in Cerebral Stroke

Shamly, Shilpa Kumari, Paras Attri, Rahul Deshmukh, and Thakur Gurjeet Singh

23. Regulation of JNK Signaling Pathway in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Veerta Sharma, Heena Khan, Amarjot Kaur Grewal, Thakur Gurjeet Singh, and Rahul Deshmukh

24. Role of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3? (Gsk-3?) in Intracranial Haemorrhage

Khadga Raj, Sudhanshu Mallan, Ayansh Kaushik, and Shamsher Singh

25. Role of GSK-3 Inhibition in Modulating the Pathology of Stroke

Rupali Sharma, Shilpa Kumari, Satyan Kapoor, Rahul Deshmukh, and Thakur Gurjeet Singh

26. Regulation of NRF-2 Signaling Pathway in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Veerta Sharma, Heena Khan, Amarjot Kaur Grewal, Thakur Gurjeet Singh, and Rahul Deshmukh

27. Regulation of PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Komal Thapa, Heena Khan, Amarjot Kaur Grewal, Thakur Gurjeet Singh, and Rahul Deshmukh

28. COVID-19 and Ischemic Stroke: Advancements and Challenges

Rupinder Kaur Sodhi, Renu Arya, Vinay Kumar, Jitender Madan, and Arockia Babu