Infections of the Central Nervous System Pathology and Genetics

Table of contents
List of Contributors ix
1 Introduction and Classification of Infections of the CNS According to the Agent 1 Fabrice Chrétien, Kum Thong Wong, Leroy R. Sharer, Catherine (Katy) Keohane, and Françoise Gray
2 Sepsis―Associated Encephalopathy 11 Franck Verdonk, Aurelien Mazeraud, Fabrice Chrétien, and Tarek Sharshar
3 Variation of CNS Infections According to the Host 21 Leroy R. Sharer, Catherine (Katy) Keohane, and Françoise Gray
4 Clinical Approach to the Adult Patient with CNS Infection 29 Michel Wolff, Romain Sonneville, and Tarek Sharshar
5 Herpes Simplex Virus Infections of the CNS 43 Bette K. Kleinschmidt―DeMasters, Catherine (Katy) Keohane, and Françoise Gray
6 Varicella‐Zoster Virus and Epstein‐Barr Virus Infections of the CNS 55 Catherine (Katy) Keohane and Françoise Gray
7 Cytomegalovirus Infections of the CNS 65 Homa Adle―Biassette and Natacha Teissier
8 Adenovirus Meningoencephalitis 77 Harry V. Vinters and Xinhai R. Zhang
9 Polyomavirus Infections of the CNS 83 Susan Morgello
10 Measles Virus Infection of the CNS 95 Catherine (Katy) Keohane, Leroy R. Sharer, and Françoise Gray
11 Rubella Virus 105 Bette K. Kleinschmidt―DeMasters
12 Henipavirus Encephalitis 113 Kum Thong Wong and Kien Chai Ong
13 Rabies 121 Guilherme Dias de Melo, Perrine Parize, Grégory Jouvion, Laurent Dacheux, Fabrice Chrétien, and Hervé Bourhy
14 Flaviviruses 1: General Introduction and Tick―Borne Encephalitis 131 Herbert Budka
15 Flaviviruses 2: West Nile, St. Louis Encephalitis, Murray Valley Encephalitis, Yellow Fever, and Dengue 147 Edward S. Johnson and Juan M. Bilbao
16 Flaviviruses 3: Zika Virus Infection of the CNS 163 Leila Chimelli
17 Flaviviruses 4: Japanese Encephalitis 169 Shankar Krishna Susarla, Anita Mahadevan, Bishan Radotra, Masaki Takao, and Kum Thong Wong
18 CNS Disorders Caused by Hepatitis C and Hepatitis E Viruses 177 Melissa Umphlett, Clare Bryce, and Susan Morgello
19 Alphaviral Equine Encephalomyelitis (Eastern, Western, and Venezuelan) 183 Kum Thong Wong
20 Chikungunya Virus 189 Cássia Shinotsuka, Michael Blatzer, Grégory Jouvion, and Fabrice Chrétien
21 Poliovirus Infection and Postpolio Syndrome 195 Catherine (Katy) Keohane, Leila Chimelli, and Aisling Ryan
22 Enterovirus A71 Infection 205 Kum Thong Wong, Kien Chai Ong, Thérèse Couderc, and Marc Lecuit
23 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection of the CNS 215 Françoise Gray and Leroy R. Sharer
24 HTLV‐1 and Neurological‐Associated Disease 231 Antoine Gessain, Olivier Cassar, and Philippe V. Afonso
25 Parechovirus A 243 Clayton A. Wiley
26 Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis and Acute Hemorrhagic Leukoencephalomyelitis 251 Romana Höftberger and Hans Lassmann
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27 Miscellaneous Inflammatory Disorders of the CNS of Possible Infectious Origin 259 Mari Perez―Rosendahl, Jamie Nakagiri, Xinhai R. Zhang, and Harry V. Vinters
28 Mycoplasmal and Rickettsial Infections of the CNS 267 Roy H. Rhodes
29 Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Bacterial Infections of the CNS 279 Loic Le Guennec and Sandrine Bourdoulous
30 Pyogenic Infections of the CNS 1: Acute Bacterial Meningitis 295 Loic Le Guennec and Sandrine Bourdoulous
31 Pyogenic Infections of the CNS 2: (Brain Abscess, Subdural Abscess or Empyema, Epidural Abscess, Septic Embolism, and Suppurative Intracranial Phlebitis) 309 Arnault Tauziede―Espariat, Alexandre Roux, Megan Still, Marc Zanello, Gilles Zah―Bi, Ghazi Hmeydia, Catherine Oppenheim, Michel Wolff, Johan Pallud, and Fabrice Chrétien
32 Pyogenic Infections of the CNS 3: Following Neurosurgical Procedures 319 Alexandre Roux, Megan Still, Marc Zanello, Gilles Zah‐Bi, Arnault Tauziede‐Espariat, Ghazi Hmeydia, Catherine Oppenheim, Michel Wolff, Fabrice Chrétien, and Johan Pallud
33 CNS Involvement in Tropheryma whipplei Infection 331 Emmanuèle Lechapt―Zalcman
34 Cerebral Actinomycosis 337 Arnault Tauziede―Espariat
35 Cerebral Nocardiosis 343 Arnault Tauziede―Espariat and Leroy R. Sharer
36 CNS Tuberculosis 349 Michael A. Farrell, Eoin R. Feeney, and Jane B. Cryan
37 Non―Tuberculous Mycobacterial Infections 357 Leroy R. Sharer
38 Spirochetal Infections of the CNS 363 Françoise Gray and Catherine (Katy) Keohane
39 Neurobrucellosis 379 Marine Le Dudal, Fabrice Chrétien, and Grégory Jouvion
40 Legionellosis 383 Edward S. Johnson
41 Neurosarcoidosis 393 Michael A. Farrell and Alan Beausang
42 Hypertrophic Pachymeningitis 403 Françoise Gray and Leroy R. Sharer
43 Toxin―Induced Neurological Diseases 411 Pierre L. Goossens, Cédric Thépenier, and Michel R. Popoff
44 Fungal Infections of the CNS 419 Michael Blatzer, Fanny Lanternier, Jean―Paul Latgé, Anne Beauvais, Stéphane Bretagne, Fabrice Chrétien, and Grégory Jouvion
45 Cerebral Malaria 437 PatrÃcia Reis, Vanessa Estato, and Hugo Caire de Castro Faria Neto
46 Toxoplasma Infection of the CNS 449 Stéphane Bretagne, Catherine (Katy) Keohane, and Homa Adle―Biassette
47 Other Protozoal Infections 463 Leila Chimelli and Catherine (Katy) Keohane
48 Helminth Infections of the CNS 475 Marine Le Dudal, Stéphane Bretagne, David Hardy, Fabrice Chrétien, and Grégory Jouvion
Appendix: CASE EXAMPLE: Schistosoma mekongi Neuroschistosomiasis 500 Edward S. Johnson
49 Brain Myiasis 503 Arnault Tauziede―Espariat
50 Emerging CNS Infections 505 Kum Thong Wong
Index 515